Bar graphs are a fundamental tool in data visualization, providing a clear and concise way to represent categorical data. They allow us to compare the frequency or magnitude of different categories, ...

In Chapter 3, we introduce how to create graphs using ggplot2. This time, we will introduce line graphs. Line graphs are commonly used in Excel as well, but just like bar charts, there are several ...

ggplot2 grammar The "gg" in ggplot2 stands for "grammar of graphics". This grammar is a coherent system for describing and building graphs. The basic template is given in the summary box below. This ...