Particle swarm optimization isn't usually seen as the first-choice technique for training a neural network but, as James McCaffrey demonstrates, it's a useful alternative. Particle swarm optimization ...

1 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Big Data Integration for Ecology and Environment, Rongzhi College of Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China 2 Academic ...

This Python code visualizes a wave function (Ψ) for a particle and its probability density. The wave function describes the probability of finding the particle at a specific position (x) and time (t).